

Theres a couple options from the past 5 or so years, you can find most of them here, most notably DRM native context virgl can approach native speeds.
There is some concerns about isolation, so its not an enterprise solution - but I believe chromeos currently uses DRM native virgl to run a steam gaming VM, and its android subsystem within a VM.
Theres also another couple options that are less async, more secure but quite a lot slower, and less optimised to each device.
(of course there is also passthrough and vGPUs, but like you mentioned these have higher hardware requirements)









Physics is a mathematical model with the most proven utility to humans.
If you have a model more applicable to a situation, youre free to use it, but its pretty unlikely to be as broadly applicable as modern mathematical physics (A thousand times so when considering computers).
But yeah the study of physics is 100% math (And its not 100% a perfect model of reality! Thats why we study it).