

Maybe more of a submarine thing, but it’s really more like 16 on, then 8 off. You spend 8 hours on watch, then 8 hours doing other work (maintenance, quals, training, drills, etc.), and finally 8 hours of down time.
That 8 hours of work can vary wildly depending on the boat and the mission status, being as short as 1 or as long as 16, but you really do spend underways in a unique mix of exhaustion and boredom.



The aircraft carriers prior to the Ford used steam catapults. Nuclear reactor plants make plenty of steam, and American carriers all have at least two.
That being said, a redesign to support steam catapults in the Ford class is asinine. The electromagnetic ones were a core design feature, and years of work went into making them reliable.